A - a posteriori 中文 - EN166

a posteriori 短語和例子a posteriori reasoning ...

a priori
Such code is also called gradually good code or shannon code . in 1993 , c . berro etc . firstly proposed a new channel code method - turbo code , which employed recursive systematic code 、 the random interleaver 、 map ( maximum a posteriori ) algorithm and iterative decoding algorithm obtained the capacity that had only 0 . 7db difference compared to the shannon limitation 1993年c . berro等首先提出了一種全新的信道編碼方式? turbo碼，采用遞歸系統碼與隨機交織器構造turbo碼，并將map ( maximumaposteriori )算法和迭代算法應用于解碼過程，獲得了與香農理論極限僅差0 . 7db的性能。
In this paper , we aim at the research to the decoding algorithm of turbo product codes , according to the principles of the log - likelihood ratio and the maximum a posteriori criterion , bunt the log - likelihood ratio approximating expression , form the correct strategy of iterative soft decoding , and present the optimal algorithm through software 幾乎所有tpc的應用研究都集中于采用矩陣交織，軟進/軟出（ siso ）、重復譯碼的方式上。本文主要是針對tpc譯碼算法進行研究，依據對數似然概率（ llr ）和最大后驗準則的原理，推導出對數似然概率估算的近似公式，形成tpc重復軟譯碼糾錯算法，并通過軟件實現。
3 , on the base of the traditional spatial filtering , the author present , a new despeckle algorithm , that make use of iterated processing and correlated neighbourhood model , iterated filtering method of the sar image combining the correlated neighbourhood model with maximum a posteriori filter . first , a series of templates refecting direction information are established and every template is present for a kind of neighbour structure . then on the basis of sar images statistical property , the maximum a posteriori estimate of the real intensity under observation image values is got by bayes formulatio - n 3 、針對傳統空間濾波器的不足，引入迭代處理和相關鄰域模型的概念，提出了基于相關鄰域模型的最大后驗迭代濾波。該算法引用一系列反映局部邊界特征的鄰域模型，以描述圖像的細節。引入強度的先驗概率分布模型，利用bayes方法，對各個結構進行實際強度的最大后驗估計。
Among others , the probability analysis approach has difficulty in deciding objective probability , and thus it is necessary to obtain subjective probability through expert empirical prediction , modify it by the bayesian formula and get a posteriori probability , and substitute it for objective probability in risk measurement and risk premium calculation 其中，概率分析方法在應用中就存在客觀概率不易確定的難點問題，因此需用專家經驗預測法得到主觀概率后，利用貝葉斯公式加以修正并獲得后驗概率，再用后驗概率代替客觀概率進行風險的度量及風險收益的計算。
And then facing the problem of the channel estimation of the adaptive modulation system , we conclude out the channel estimation algorithms on maximum likelihood ( ml ) estimation and maximum a posteriori ( map ) estimation under the condition of flat fading channel and selective fading channel in detail . to meet flat fading channel , we simulate the relationship of the ratio between the error covariance in map estimation and ml estimation and pilot symbol message length . the conclusion can be drawn from these results 接著，對自適應調制系統中的信道估計問題難點，詳細推導了平衰落信道條件下和選擇性衰落信道條件下最大似然( ml )估計和最大后驗概率( map )估計算法，針對平衰落信道，我們仿真了map估計和ml估計的方差與導頻符號長度的關系，仿真結果表明，錯誤方差受多譜勒頻率的變化影響最大，并且對實際的自適應調制系統，導頻符號長度的取值超過20個符號長度時， map信道估計明顯優于ml信道估計。
The main contributions are as follows : ( 1 ) de ( differential evolution ) algorithm is proposed to invert the ocean acoustic parameters in shallow water in order to get faster and more accurate results than ga ( genetic algorithm ) and sa ( simulated annealing algorithm ) . also a posteriori probability analysis method is applied to evaluate the uncertainty of inversion results . ( 2 ) maximum likelihood objective functions for broadband mfi are derived according to different conditions ( 2 )根據不同的前提條件，采用似然比的方法推導了寬帶匹配場反演的最大似然目標函數；深入地研究了寬帶匹配場處理中的相干與非相干問題；在分析參數反演的敏感性之后，提出了淺海環境參數寬帶匹配場反演的多步優化策略，并與全參數反演方法進行了性能上的仿真比較。
3 ) we try to import the bayesian adaptation , which is widely used in speech recognition , into speaker verification . we use bayesian maximum a posteriori estimation training a speaker model from background model , to solve the problem of model miss matching in speaker verification system 3 )為了解決說話人確認中存在的模型不匹配問題,嘗試將語音識別中的貝葉斯自適應算法引入到基于高斯混合統一背景模型的說話人確認系統。
6 . the basic principle of turbo equalization is discussed and the siso equalization algorithms based on a posteriori probability and interference cancellation are derived . at last , the simulation results are provided 6 .論述了turbo均衡的基本原理，推導了基于后驗概率和干擾消除的5150均衡算法，給出了性能仿真結果。
The efficiency of this algorithm can be recognized from the experimental results which are attached at the end of this thesis . this thesis ends with the study of the maximum a posteriori ( map ) method with 本文最后對最大后驗概率估計法進行了研究,給出了最大后驗概率估計法的原理、方法和步驟。
A posteriori error estimation based on stress super - convergence recovery technique for generalized eigenvalue problems 基于應力超收斂恢復技術的廣義特征值問題后驗誤差估計
Residual a posteriori error estimate two - grid methods for the steady navier - stokes equation with stream function form 方程流函數形式兩重網格算法的殘量型后驗誤差估計
A posteriori , what could you have done differently to improve your performance in this simulation 如果是你，你將對此模擬個案提出怎樣不同的解決方案
Maximum a posteriori restoration with markov constraint for three - dimensional optical - sectioning microscopy 三維顯微圖像復原及點擴散函數的研究
The a posteriori plan was thought out after he learned how to play the game 在他學會要怎麼玩這個游戲之后，推演的計畫就想出來了。